Employers needn’t “wake up” dormant employees

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Summary

The Dutch Supreme Court issued a decision in November 2019 on whether "dormant employment" arrangements were permissible. Employment becomes dormant when the employee is unfit for work for more than 104 weeks. The obligation to continue paying wages then lapses but the employment contract remains in force. The employee is entitled to a transition payment as soon as the employer terminates the contract. This is often a good enough reason for employers, who will just have finished paying salary for two years, to retain the employee on a "dormant" status. The Supreme Court put a stop to this practice. The employer has to cooperate in an application by the employee to terminate the employment relationship and must make the statutory transition payment. This is a result of the statutory obligation on employers to act as befits a good employer. While the Supreme Court removed lots of uncertainty with its decision, there were still some question marks surrounding the practice. The Rotterdam District Court recently issued a ruling on the question whether a "good employer" had to actively tell its employee about this Supreme Court ruling.
Geschreven door:

Merel Keijzer

+31 (0)20 820 0330

mk@clintlittler.com

What was this about?

The employee had been off work sick for 104 weeks in December 2019 and, in January 2020, the employer suggested termination of the employment contract with an award of the transition payment. The employer wanted to use the lower transition payment pursuant to the Dutch Balanced labor Market Act (Wet arbeidsmarkt in balans (Wab)) that came into effect on 1 January 2020.

The employee argued that he was entitled to the transition payment that ought to have been paid for termination in December 2019. He applied to the Sub-District Court for an order against the employer to pay that amount. The employee argued that the employer ought to have actively informed him about his legal position and options back in December 2019, after 104 weeks of him being off work sick. By failing to do this, the employee asserted that the employer had breached its obligation to provide information.

The employee relied on European case law, to the effect that employers could not avoid their obligations simply because the employee had not made an application. After all, an employer’s silence should not be rewarded.

No duty to provide information

The Sub-District Court disagreed with the employee’s arguments, reading into the Supreme Court’s judgment that the employee was under a duty to speak up. The employer was under no obligation to take any action until and unless the employee made an application to terminate the contract, i.e. “spoke up”. The Sub-District Court saw no reason for assuming any obligation on the employer to pass on information.

… but rewarded for silence?

The employee’s reliance on European case law also foundered. The reduced payment was the result of a statutory amendment that was beyond the employer’s influence. The Sub-District Court also felt it was significant that there was a compensation scheme in place for transition payments that were paid out after the end of a dormant employment relationship. The higher transition payment that the employer would have owed if the contract had been terminated in December 2019 would have been fully compensated, so that the situation that had arisen was of no financial benefit to the employer. It was not, therefore, rewarded for its silence.

The Rotterdam District Court has left doubts hanging in the air as to the situation where neither the employer nor the employee takes the initiative to terminate a dormant employment relationship, so that the employer need not pay any transition payment for a long time. The question then is whether that silence is not being rewarded. No doubt, the case law on this point will be developed further. For the time being, we may assume that an employer in a dormant employment relationship has no duty to provide information.

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About the author

Merel Keijzer

+31 (0)20 820 0330

mk@clintlittler.com

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